Where I live (as noted in another thread, in the Pine Barrens of New Jersey) the county has a recycling center which accepts electronics. And the county library has an (I think) annual event to drop off computer equipment that a local non-profit refurbishes and makes available to those in need. (Not sure it is annual; I have dropped off old Macs several times.)
And I use an old iPad, an original Air, as a “bunch of buttons” device which the app Touch Portal.
If they’re too old to be useful, or broken, I just drop them off at electronics recycling. Best Buy is the easiest drop off in many cities in the US. There should also be something in coordination with the city or county. I’ll destroy storage if needed but it’s rare anymore that anything important was destroyed on an unencrypted drive.
…in SOME countries. OP did not mention a country (which, honestly, almost certainly means it’s the US), so please do not assume.
Living in a country with no Apple Stores, no News+, no iTunes TV programs (ever), no AppleCare One, etc… it gets rather tiring deciphering headlines, stories, info, etc to figure out if any of it is applicable to me. New Zealand is by far not the worst country for this issue, either.
Think of this rant as one of diversity and inclusion. Because it is.
In rural US Goodwill is the best place because they are free. If you have old working systems that are scrubbed but can be booted and used marking them that way and separating them from non-working junk is a benefit. Junk electronics should also be scrubbed and marked as such. Best buy also will take some items but not all and often charges a fee. We also have a county wide electronic recycling event every few years but they will not take anything with a hard drive in it and charge a fee but are typically in the parking lot of the grocery store.
If you ave vintage hardware you can sometimes sell it on Ebay but be careful a lot of the buyers are scammers.
And if you have something historically significant you can sometimes donate it to the Computer Museum. They have a list of what they are looking for with a preference for working hardware.
Best Buy has taken everything that I have brought to them and has never squawked or charged me. So we put all discords that resemble electronics in a box and periodically take it to Best Buy.